Process of manufacturing pens with angular nibs



G. E. BARTOL, JR.

' PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING PENS WITH ANGULAR NIBS.

APPLICATION FILED 02c 31.1921.

LQ3K631; Patented; Dec. 5, 1922.

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STATES h PATENT OFFICE-.31"

GEORGE E. BARTOL, JR, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO 0.HOWARD HUNT BEN COMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY. l

rnocnss or mnurac'runmernnswrrn ANGULAB. NIBS.

Application filed -December 31, 1921. Serial No. 526,198. 7

To all whom z'tmag concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. BARTOL, Jr, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes ofManufacturing Pens with Angular Nibs,

of which the following is afull, clear, and

exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification.

In the manufacture of pens provided with wide, upwardly displaced,multiple nibbed extremities, such as are used in drawing thick lines, asin printing show cards, the usual process results in a pen whoseextremity is comparatively soft and which, while sufliciently flexible,is inelastie in that, when once bent or distorted from its normal shape,it does not resume such shape, making its life quite ephemeral.Moreover, such a pen does not well resist the action of the ink. It iseven quite difficult, by the usual process, to produce a pen which iswholly undistorted, at the final stage of manufacture, because, aftertheupsetting of the extremity, the subsequent pol- .ishing or burnishingprocess tends to disin s, in whichtort the nibs, and there is thereforeconsiderable loss in manufacture.

In the usual process, one or two slits are formed in the wide extremity,providing two or three nibs. The temper of the pen is then drawn byheating to a moderate temperature followed by slow cooling. Theextremity of the pen, while the pen is cold, is then upset in a press.These operations produce a penwhich is comparatively soft and which,while more or less flexible, possesses little elasticityp Therefore,inthe subsequent polishing or burnishing 'opera tion, any incidentaldistortion of the nibs is apt to be permanent; while even if a perfectlyshaped product is turned out, the comparative inelasticity of the bentextremity makes the life of the pen quite short.

In order that my improved process'may be more readily'understood, II,have illustrated certain operations characterizing such process in theaccompai ing draw- 1 1 1s a p'erspectlve view of an unfinished pen as itappears before the upset- I tinlg operation. I

. I ig. 2 is a perspective view of the anyll (the adjustable stops beingomitted) the pen positioned thereon, and of the heater and upsettingdie. Fig. 3 is a plan vlew of the anvil, the pen positioned thereon andthe adjustable stops. Fig. a pen.

The preliminary steps in the manufacture of the pen need not bedescribed. It may be mentioned, however, that the pen w is shaped to itsfinal form, including the slitting of the extremity to form the multiplenib, except that the extremity of the, nibs has not been bent back (see'Fig. 1) and is then polished in a tumbling machine.

The pen is then placed on 'arest,'preferably an anvil a, as shown inFig. 2. The front of the anvil slopes downward from the plane of-therest, as shown at b, at an angle thereto corresponding to the angle towhich the front extremity ofthe pen is to be bent. The operator placesthe pen on the rest and pushes it orward until it engages the adjustablestdps c, c (Fig. 3) on opposite sides of the rest. In this position thenibs of the pen overhang-the front. edge of the rest a distancecorresponding to the A Bunsenblow-pipe d is positioned to direct a flameover the front edge of the anvil and in a direction nearly or quiteparallel to the inclined front face '6. Above the ing an inclined lowerface extending parallel to the inclined front ace 6 of the an vil and,back of that, a horizontally extending face g adapted to engage thatpart is a perspective view of a finished desired lengthof the extremityto be upset.

front of the anvil is a hammer die e havof the pen immediately back ofthe extremity to be upset.

The flame of the blow pipe is constantly laying across the space infrontof the rent edge of the pen-rest. When the pen directly thereon, itbeing understood that,

di ately adjacent to the part enveloped in; the flame will be highlyheated. Theupsetconduction, the part of the pen im'nie ting die or punchis then moveddowninto contact with the front of the pen, therebyupsetting the extremity. The ;extrem1ty*21s f thus gripped between twometallic surfaces. r 4

The faces f, g of the die are cold, whilethe nibbed points it is alsoapplicable to pens opposing surfacesof the anvil are comparatively cold,as the flame does not play dition of initially tilted. The die isretracted g uitequickly after the upsetting operation. he shape of thecomplete pen is shown in Fig. 4:, y representing the upset extremity.

After the final shaping operation, the pen is polished or burnished.

The local application of high heat to that part of the pen which is tobe bent and the immediately following upsetting and chilling operationharden the point and impart to it such elasticity that thenibs, ifdistorted by ordinary. pressure, resume their normal shape. Thesubsequent burnishing operation does not, therefore, distort the nibs inthe least degree, so that, at the final stage of manufacture, all thepens are per-. fectly shaped. In use, the pens are surprisingly durable,due to the temper being such as to combine the desired qualities ofhardness, flexibility and elasticity, and resist very well the corrodingaction of ink. This particular type of pen, as ordinarily manufactured,is especially deficient in these qualities, and if distorting pressurebe applied thereto, as is frequently the casein ordinary use, the nibswill spread and fail to resume their normal shape, thus virtuallyruining the pen. therefore, why my improved process effects asubstantial advance in the art.

While my invention has been shown and described as applied to pens withwide threewith sharp tWo-nibbed points the extremities of which aredisplaced angularly to the bod of the pen.

aving now fully described my invention,

what l'claim and desire to ters Patent is'z- 1.111 the process of makingpens, with protect by Letupwardiy displaced extremities, the steps Itwill be ,understood,'

which comprise taking a pen slitted and shaped except for the upsettingof the extremity, heating the extremity to a red heat and simultaneouslyupsetting and chilling the end, thereby producing a comparatively hardand elastic extremity.

2. In the process of making pens, with upwardly displaced extremities,the steps which-comprise taking a pen slitted and shaped except for theupsetting of the extremity, placin only the extremity of the pen in ahigh y heated zone adapted to suddenly elevate such extremity to atemperature corresponding to a red heat, upsetting the end while it isbeing subjected to such heat and immediately chllling the pen.

3. In the process of making pens, with upwardly displaced extremities,the steps Which comprise taking a pen slitted and shaped except for theupsetting of the extremity, placing only the extremity of the pen in ahighly heated zone adapted to suddenly elevate such extremity to atemperature corresponding to a red heat, and immediately confining theextremity between two metallic surfaces, one at least of which isrelatively cold,- extending at an angle to the direction of extension ofthe body of the pen, thereby simultaneously upsetting and chilling saidextremity.

4:. In the process ofmaking pens, with upwardly displaced extremities,the steps which comprise taking a pen slitted and shaped except for theupsetting of the extremity, laying1 the pen on a relatively cold anvil1n suc be upset projecting beyond the anvil, directly heating theprojecting extremity only of the pen quickly toa red heat, andimmediately upsetting the highly heated progecting extremity by means ofa cold punch In testimony of which'invention, I have hereunto set myPenn, on this 30th day of December, 1921.

position as to leave the extremity tohand, at Philadelphia,

